class Exception
src
class Exception { ... }
All exceptions that are placed into the $! variable (or into $_
in CATCH blocks) inherit from Exception . When you call die
or fail with a non-Exception argument, it is wrapped into an
X::AdHoc object, which also inherits from Exception .
User-defined exception classes should inherit from Exception too, and
define at least a method message .
class X::YourApp::SomeError is Exception {
method message() {
"A YourApp-Specific error occurred: out of coffee!";
}
}
Methods
message
method message(Exception:D:) returns Str:D
This is a stub that must be overwritten by subclasses, and should
return the exception message.
Special care should be taken that this method does not produce
an exception itself.
backtrace
method backtrace(Exception:D:) returns Backtrace:D
Returns the backtrace associated with the exception. Only makes sense
on exceptions that have been thrown at least once.
throw
method throw(Exception:D:)
Throws the exception.
rethrow
method rethrow(Exception:D:)
Rethrows an exception that has already been thrown at least once.
This is different from throw in that it preserves the original
backtrace.
fail
method fail(Exception:D:)
Same as fail $exception ; i.e., it exits the calling Routine
and returns the exception wrapped in a L<Failure> object.
gist
multi method gist(Exception:D:)
Returns whatever the exception printer should produce for this exception.
The default implementation returns message and backtrace separated by
a newline.
